{"id":12695,"date":"2018-03-21T14:46:01","date_gmt":"2018-03-21T11:46:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/?p=12695"},"modified":"2018-03-21T14:46:01","modified_gmt":"2018-03-21T11:46:01","slug":"petrovskoe-barokko-i-ego-osobennosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/petrovskoe-barokko-i-ego-osobennosti\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 I \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 I \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438.<br \/>\n\u0412 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u2013 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0438, \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0438, \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12696\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12696\" style=\"width: 727px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Petergofskiy-ansambl.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Petergofskiy-ansambl.jpg\" alt=\"\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u044c\" width=\"727\" height=\"560\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12696\" srcset=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Petergofskiy-ansambl.jpg 727w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Petergofskiy-ansambl-300x231.jpg 300w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Petergofskiy-ansambl-500x385.jpg 500w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Petergofskiy-ansambl-696x536.jpg 696w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Petergofskiy-ansambl-545x420.jpg 545w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12696\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u044c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439.<br \/>\n\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u2013 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0442. \u043f.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430.<\/b> <\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432 1703 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0443 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f \u0440. \u041d\u0435\u0432\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043c. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0444\u044c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d \u00ab\u041a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430\u00bb.<br \/>\n\u0412 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12697\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12697\" style=\"width: 560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Strelninskiy-ansambl.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Strelninskiy-ansambl.jpg\" alt=\"\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u044c\" width=\"560\" height=\"373\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12697\" srcset=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Strelninskiy-ansambl.jpg 560w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Strelninskiy-ansambl-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Strelninskiy-ansambl-500x333.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12697\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u044c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u041d\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u2013 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u2013 \u0412\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439. \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0415\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12698\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12698\" style=\"width: 605px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Carskoselskiy-ansambl.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Carskoselskiy-ansambl.jpg\" alt=\"\u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u044c\" width=\"605\" height=\"454\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12698\" srcset=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Carskoselskiy-ansambl.jpg 605w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Carskoselskiy-ansambl-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Carskoselskiy-ansambl-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Carskoselskiy-ansambl-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Carskoselskiy-ansambl-265x198.jpg 265w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Carskoselskiy-ansambl-560x420.jpg 560w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12698\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u044c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0412 1716 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u041b\u0435\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0443 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\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0441 \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439 120 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435. <\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 <b>\u0414\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/b> \u2013 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 12-\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0439 (1722-1742 \u0433\u0433.) \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0435 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430.<br \/>\n<b>\u0414\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/b> \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u041b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 I \u2013 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0443 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12699\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12699\" style=\"width: 554px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Letniy-dvorec-Petra-I.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Letniy-dvorec-Petra-I.jpg\" alt=\"\u041b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 I\" width=\"554\" height=\"349\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12699\" srcset=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Letniy-dvorec-Petra-I.jpg 554w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Letniy-dvorec-Petra-I-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Letniy-dvorec-Petra-I-500x315.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12699\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u041b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 I<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u0414\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/b> \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u2013 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u00ab\u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u044b\u0445\u00bb, \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u00ab\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0445\u00bb, \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u00ab\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00bb.<br \/>\n\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0435\u0446 <b>\u0414\u0436\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430<\/b> \u2013 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u041c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u041b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u041e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0443\u043c\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435.<br \/>\n\u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437 <b>\u0416\u0430\u043d-\u0411\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u041b\u0435\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d<\/b> \u2013 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c I \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b-\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438: \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444, \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044f, \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u043e).<br \/>\n\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043d\u0435\u0446 <b>\u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e \u041c\u0438\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0442\u0438<\/b> \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435, \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u041f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0444\u0435, \u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u0432 \u0422\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12700\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12700\" style=\"width: 1400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline.jpg\" alt=\"\u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u041a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u0432 \u0422\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\" width=\"1400\" height=\"937\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12700\" srcset=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline-500x335.jpg 500w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline-696x466.jpg 696w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline-1068x715.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Dvorec-Kadriorg-v-Talline-628x420.jpg 628w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12700\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u041a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0433 \u0432 \u0422\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0412\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c \u2013 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0430\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432 1716 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 I \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 20 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b: \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0415\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u0422\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0439 \u0423\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u041c\u0438\u0447\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0434\u0440.<br \/>\n<b>\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u0417\u0435\u043c\u0446\u043e\u0432<\/b> \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0422\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0438. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438 \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 (1729-1734 \u0433\u0433.), \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0438 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12701\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12701\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge.jpg\" alt=\"\u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12701\" srcset=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge.jpg 700w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge-265x198.jpg 265w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge-696x522.jpg 696w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Cerkov-Simeona-i-Anny-v-Peterburge-560x420.jpg 560w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12701\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0421\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432<\/b> \u2013 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, 1732 \u0433 \u2013 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430. \u041f\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u041c\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0430, \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430.<br \/>\n<b>\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0415\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438\u043d<\/b> \u2013 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430: \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0436\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0438 \u0434\u0440.<br \/>\n\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0437\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0415\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438\u043d, \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u0417\u0435\u043c\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 18 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 <\/p>\n<p><b>\u041e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b <b>\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u041c\u0438\u0447\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043d<\/b>, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0433. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u044b 1739 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e. \u041d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a, \u0442\u044f\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0435\u044f \u043a \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b, \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0432.<br \/>\n<b>\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u041c\u0438\u0447\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043d<\/b> \u2013 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438 \u0422\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0446\u0435-\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u0417\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0435 (1740\u20131770 \u0433\u0433.), &#8212; \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0432\u044b-\u041f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432 \u0417\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c\u0435 (1739-1744 \u0433\u0433.), &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0430 (1740-1744 \u0433\u0433.).<br \/>\n\u0410\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435 (\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 <b>\u0414. \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432<\/b> 1702-1736 \u0433\u0433.) \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12702\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12702\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Arsenal-v-Moskovskom-Kremle.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Arsenal-v-Moskovskom-Kremle.jpg\" alt=\"\u0410\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\" width=\"800\" height=\"504\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Arsenal-v-Moskovskom-Kremle.jpg 800w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Arsenal-v-Moskovskom-Kremle-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Arsenal-v-Moskovskom-Kremle-500x315.jpg 500w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Arsenal-v-Moskovskom-Kremle-768x484.jpg 768w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Arsenal-v-Moskovskom-Kremle-696x438.jpg 696w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Arsenal-v-Moskovskom-Kremle-667x420.jpg 667w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12702\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0410\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435 (\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 <b>\u0414. \u0423\u0445\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/b>, 1753 \u2013 1757 \u0433\u0433.) \u2013 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0443\u043c\u0444\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430. <\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044f ( \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u041d. \u0418. \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439, 1701-1707 \u0433\u0433.) \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u2013 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438. <\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0445, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043b\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043a\u043e. <\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12703\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12703\" style=\"width: 797px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Menshikova-bashnya.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Menshikova-bashnya.jpg\" alt=\"\u041c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044f\" width=\"797\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12703\" srcset=\"https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Menshikova-bashnya.jpg 797w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Menshikova-bashnya-300x301.jpg 300w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Menshikova-bashnya-500x502.jpg 500w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Menshikova-bashnya-768x771.jpg 768w, https:\/\/architecturalidea.com\/architecture-history\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Menshikova-bashnya-696x699.jpg 696w, 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\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u2013 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0438, \u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b \u0438 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